Hyponatremia, kuj hu ua dej toxication, feem ntau yog vim li cas haus dej ntau dhau ntawm dej dawb uas ua rau muaj cov concentration tsawg ntawm sodium hauv cov ntshav. Thaum ib qho tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim hauv kev sib tw kis las, nws muaj qhov ntau dua li kev koom tes nce thiab ntau dua cov neeg ua haujlwm tshiab tuaj yeem nkag mus rau cov kev sib tw ua kom tiav.
Ua rau
Thaum siv lub cev ua haujlwm, sodium poob nrog rau hws.
Ib tus neeg ncaws pob uas tsuas yog hloov cov kua dej hauv dej uas muaj dej tuaj yeem muaj cov ntshav tsawg-concentration tsawg dua. Ua ib qho piv txwv, xav txog ib khob dej ntsev tag nrho. Yog tias koj rho tawm ib nrab ntawm cov ntawv iav (raws li poob hauv hws) thiab hloov cov dej tsuas yog, cov tshuaj ntsev ntawm lub khob tseem nyob tsawg dua thiab dej ntau dua. Qhov no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov hlab ntshav ntawm ib tus neeg ncaws pob uas tsuas tau dej nrog dej thaum lub sijhawm tawm hws ntev. Qhov tshwm sim yog hyponatremia.
Ntsev qhov tseem ceeb yuav tsum ua kom kis tau tus mob impulses thiab cov nqaij kom muaj zog, thiab txawm tias qhov kev nyuab siab ntawm qhov concentration no ua rau muaj teeb meem. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias cov neeg siv cov neeg ua si tau poob ntau tshaj 2 gram ntsev ib zaug ntawm cov hws. Hloov qhov no thaum lub sijhawm tseem ceeb heev rau kev ua haujlwm thiab kev nyab xeeb.
Endurance Txheej xwm
Kev tawm hws ntev ntev thiab ntau tshaj tawm yuav ua rau lub caij kis las yuav hloov lub tshav pob ntawm cov ntshav-sodium concentration.
Vim tias sodium poob rau hauv hws nws yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov neeg siv qoj ib ce kom ntev mus ntev los hloov cov kev poob.
Kev tshawb nrhiav tau pom tias ntev xwm txheej ntev, xws li Ironman nrug triathlons, feem ntau muaj cov ua tiav nrog ntshav ntshav tsawg. Cov neeg uas muaj feem ntau yog cov uas nyob rau hauv chav kawm ntev tshaj vim tias lawv yuav haus cov dej ntau dua thaum lub sijhawm.
Cov neeg khiav dej num uas haus cov kua dej ntxiv rau hnub ntawd ua ntej haiv neeg los yog cov neeg uas nres ntawm qhov chaw nres dej thaum lub sijhawm tseem muaj kev pheej hmoo siab heev ntawm hyponatremia.
Qhov tseeb, txoj kev tshawb luam tawm hauv New England Journal of Medicine tau pom tias 13 feem pua ntawm Boston Marathon cov neeg khiav dejnum tsim tau hyponatremia los ntawm haus dej ntau dhau. Thaum lwm txoj kev tshawb luam tawm hauv tib phau ntawv sau tau pom tias 10.6 feem pua ntawm Ironman European Championship cov neeg koom nrog tsim kev qaug dej. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, tus poj niam triathletes nrog lub caij nyoog sib tw ntawm 9 xuaj moos los yog ntau dua los ua tus tshaj plaws rau hyponatremia.
Cov tsos mob
Cov kev qhia ntxov tshwm sim feem ntau kuj hloov maj mam thiab tej zaum yuav zoo li lub cev tsis muaj dej txaus thiab muaj xeev siab, mob leeg ntshauv, tsis pom kev, hais lus tsis meej, thiab tsis meej pem. Ntawm qhov no, ntau tus neeg ncaws pob haus dej ntau vim lawv xav tias lawv muaj lub cev qhuav dej. Hmoov tsis, dej ib leeg yuav ua rau qhov teeb meem ntawm hyponatremia. Nyob rau hauv feem ntau tus neeg ncaws pob tej zaum yuav muaj qaug dab peg, coma, lossis tuag.
Kev kho mob
Thaum xub pib ntawm cov tsos mob, tus neeg ncaws pob yuav tsum haus dej haus cawv nrog dej haus los yog noj cov khoom noj qab ntsev. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, tus neeg ncaws pob yuav tsum npaj ua ntej thiab kwv yees nws qhov dej tsis tau thiab xav tau kev hloov cev rau lub cev thaum lub sijhawm, thiab nyob twj ywm raws sij hawm ntawm kev sib tw.
Yog tias cov tsos mob tsis zoo, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum pom.
Tiv Thaiv
Txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws rau tus neeg ncaws pob kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem yog los npaj ua ntej los ntawm kev cob qhia rau tib lub sijhawm uas koj yuav ntsib thaum hnub sib tw. Kev sib txuas ntawm cov dej muaj xws li:
- Xam koj cov dej haus nrog cov kua mis no .
- Siv cov dej haus muaj dej muaj yees thaum ntev ntev, muaj cov xwm txheej loj uas ntev tshaj 60-90 feeb thaum lub sijhawm.
- Nce ntsev kom tsawg li ib hnub ob peb hnub ua ntej kev sib tw, tshwj tsis yog tias koj muaj kub siab. Cov khoom noj uas muaj cov tshuaj ntsev ntxiv muaj xws li nqaij qaib noodle, ib qho nqaij npuas, cheese, pretzels, thiab kua txiv lws suav.
- Tsis txhob haus ntau dua ces koj hws.
- Thaum lub sijhawm marathon, txoj cai ntawm tus ntiv tes xoo zoo yog haus 1 khob kua dej txhua txhua 20 feeb.
- Txhob siv cov tshuaj nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDS) tshuaj uas muaj sodium. Kev tshawb nrhiav pom zoo tias cov tshuaj no yuav ua rau cov neeg khiav dej num txhawj xeeb rau hyponatremia.
Nco ntsoov tias txhua tus neeg tuaj koom kev sib tw sib txawv ua ib ce rau qoj ib ce; uas txhais tau tias cov kua dej thiab sodium xav tau yog tus neeg.
Raws li ib txwm, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tau nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham txog kev xav tshwj xeeb yog tias koj muaj keeb kwm ntawm kev noj qab haus huv los yog kev noj tshuaj rau ib qho mob.
Qhov chaw:
Almond CS, Shin AY, Fortescue EB, li al. Hyponatremia cov khiav ntawm Boston Marathon. N Engl J Med 2005; 352: 1550-1556.
Consensus Statement ntawm 1st International Exercise Associated Hyponatremia, Consensus Development Conference, Cape Town, South Africa 2005. Clinical Journal of Sports Medicine. 15 (4): 208-213, Lub Xya Hli Ntuj 2005.
Danz M, Pöttgen K, Tönjes PM, Hinkelbein J, Braunecker S. Hyponatremia ntawm Triathletes nyob hauv Ironman nyob sab Europe Championship. N Engl J Med. 2016 Mar 10; 374 (10): 997-8.