Lub ntsiab lus txhais ntawm "nutrient" yog ib yam uas muab kev tu ncua, uas yog lub ntsiab txhais dav dav. Tab sis nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm kev noj haus thiab kev noj haus, muab kev pab cuam yog ntau meej. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, muaj rau 6 pawg ntawm cov as-ham, tag nrho cov uas tsim nyog los txhawb nqa lub neej:
- Carbohydrates
- Proteins
- Sibhawm
- Vitamins
- Cov zaub mov
- Dej
Grouping cov Nutrients
Tib neeg nyiam muab khoom tso rau hauv pawg vim nws yoojyim nco qab tias lawv ua dab tsi thiab peb tuaj yeem sib piv thiab sib txawv nrog lwm yam.
Hauv kev noj haus, peb feem ntau pab pawg neeg muab kev pab cuam los ntawm qhov loj los yog yam lawv ua hauv lub cev. Peb pib nrog ob pawg, micronutrients thiab macronutrients (dej feem ntau sab laug nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej pawg).
Carbohydrates, proteins, thiab nqaijrog yog hu ua macronutrients vim lawv yog cov loj, thiab lub cev muaj zog zoo vim lawv muab cov roj koj lub cev xav tau ua. Vitamins thiab minerals yog hu ua micronutrients vim tias lawv muaj ntau me me hauv kev sib piv. Qhov ntawd tsis tau txhais hais tias lawv tsis tshua tseem ceeb; lawv tseem ceeb tseem ceeb, tiam sis koj tsuas xav tau cov khoom me me xwb.
Micronutrients tuaj yeem muab faib tawm los ntawm seb lawv nyob hauv cov rog lossis dej nyob hauv dej. Vitamins A, D, E, thiab K yog roj-soluble , thiab cov vitamins B vitamins thiab vitamin C yog dej-soluble . Cov zaub mov muaj pawg ua cov zaub mov loj loj los sis cov kab minerals tawm , nyob ntawm seb cov mineris txhua qhov tsim nyog.
Koj tuaj yeem pab pawg neeg cov as-ham los ntawm seb lawv puas yog cov organic, uas peb txhais cov organic chemistry, tsis yog cov ua liaj ua teb lossis zaub mov .
Dej thiab minerals yog inorganic thaum tag nrho cov so yog organic vim lawv muaj carbon atoms.
Peb Cov Tseem Ceeb Vim li cas cov Khoom Noj Muaj Nqis Tseem Ceeb
- Lawv muab lub zog. Carbohydrates , cov rog, thiab cov proteins uas yog lub cev koj lub cev yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav txhua yam kev sib tshuam ntawm biochemical uas tshwm sim txhua hnub (thiab hmo ntuj). Lub zog yog ntsuas hauv calorie ntau ntau (kilocalories, technically, tab sis peb feem ntau yog hu lawv calories). Gram rau cov gram, muaj roj ntau ntau dua li cov carbohydrates lossis protein; ib hom roj muaj cuaj calorie, thiab lwm tus muaj ob calorie ntau ib gram.
- Lawv tsim nyog rau lub cev cov qauv. Cov rog, proteins, thiab lwm yam minerals yog siv raw khoom los tsim thiab tuav cov ntaub so ntswg, kabmob thiab lwm yam xws li cov pob txha thiab cov hniav. Carbohydrates tsis nyob rau daim ntawv no, tab sis koj lub cev tuaj yeem nqa tau cov carbohydrates ntxiv thiab hloov mus ua rog, uas yuav khaws cia hauv cov ntaub so ntswg.
- Lawv pab tswj hwm lub cev. Tag nrho rau cov chav kawm muaj kev koom tes hauv kev tswj cov kev khiav dej num hauv lub cev xws li tawm hws, kub, metabolism, ntshav siab, thyroid muaj nuj nqi, nrog rau ntau lwm tus. Thaum tag nrho cov hauj lwm sib txawv nyob hauv seem, koj lub cev hais tias yog nyob hauv homeostasis.
Tsis Tshua Cov Khoom Noj, Tseem Tseem Ceeb
Koj tuaj yeem tau nyeem txog phytutrients , uas tsis muaj nyob hauv cov hoob kawm loj. Tias 's vim tias lawv' re haum tshiab hauv ntiaj teb kev noj haus cov kev tshawb fawb thiab tsis tseem ceeb rau cov ciaj sia taus.
Phytonutrients yog cov tshuaj chiv muaj nyob hauv cov nroj tsuag uas muaj kev pabcuam kev noj qab haus huv. Txij li thaum lawv feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov khoom noj uas muaj kev noj qab haus huv, nws yuav nyuaj rau koj paub tias ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov txiaj ntsim kev noj qab haus huv yog vim muaj cov kev pabcuam lossis cov phytutrients. Qee qhov kev paub zoo dua phytonutrients muaj xws li polyphenols thiab carotenoids.
Fibre yog hom kab carbohydrate uas koj lub cev tsis tuaj yeem zom zom kom nws tsis muaj zog lossis kev ua haujlwm.
Fiber yog tsim nyog rau digestive system muaj nuj nqi vim hais tias nws ntxiv ib pob rau quav, yog li nws yooj yim dua rau tshem tawm. Muaj ob hom tshuaj fiber ntau: cov kua faj siv dej uas yaj thiab dej tsis sib tov uas tsis txawj.
> Qhov chaw:
> Gropper, Sareen Annora Stepnick, li al. Khoom noj khoom haus zoo tshaj thiab tib neeg cov metabolism . Australia, Cengage Learning, 2018.
> Smolin LA, Grosvenor, MB. "Khoom noj khoom haus: Science thiab Applications." Thib Peb. Wiley Publishing Company, 2013.