Cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig pib ua ib lub tswv yim nyob rau hauv 1980s hauv Nyij Pooj, uas lawv tau raug txhais raws li "cov khoom noj rau kev siv kho mob siv." Txij thaum ntawd los, cov zaub mov ua haujlwm tau ua kev noj haus thiab kev noj haus zoo.
Cov zaub mov muaj txiaj ntsig yuav ua ntau tshaj qhov muab cov macronutrients thiab cov tshuaj micronutrients uas koj lub cev xav tau rau cov kev ua kom cev tsis haum. Lawv muaj cov khoom sib xyaw lossis cov khoom xyaw uas yuav pab txo koj txoj kev pheej hmoo rau qee yam mob lossis txhawb kev noj qab haus huv.
Cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau hauv cov khoom noj uas ua hauj lwm, los yog lawv ntxiv tau los ntawm kev txhawb nqa lossis kev txhawb nqa.
Yam Khoom Uas Muaj Feem Xyuam
Lo lus "functional foods" tsis muaj cov ntsiab lus raug cai hauv Tebchaws Asmeskas, tab sis nws tau txhais los ntawm lub koom haum Food Technologists xws li "cov khoom noj los yog cov khoom noj khoom haus uas muab kev noj qab haus huv tshaj cov khoom noj haus." Lub Food and Drug Administration (FDA) tsis muaj ib lub ntsiab lus rau nws, tab sis nws tswj cov lus nug txog kev noj qab haus huv ua tau rau cov ntawv teev cov khoom noj thiab dej haus.
Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Tebchaws Canada txhais cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsim zoo li "zoo ib yam li cov tsos, los yog tej zaum, ib qho zaub mov ua noj yog ib feem ntawm kev noj haus li ib txwm, thiab tau pom tias muaj cov kev pabcuam kev noj qab haus huv thiab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kab mob ntev tshaj cov zaub mov noj haus." European Commission Concerted Action ntawm Functional Food Science hauv Tebchaws Europe suav cov khoom noj kom ua haujlwm yog tias lawv muaj cov txiaj ntsim zoo rau ntawm ib lossis ntau txoj hauj lwm ntawm lub cev thiab tseem nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov zaub mov, tsis yog kev noj haus ntxiv.
Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (THIAB) txhais cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsim raws li cov khoom noj "uas suav nrog tag nrho cov khoom noj thiab muaj zog, cov zaub mov zoo los yog cov khoom noj muaj zog muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev noj qab haus huv thaum noj khoom noj raws li ib qho kev noj haus ntau zaus, " THIAB THIAB muab cov zaub mov ua haujlwm rau hauv plaub pawg: cov khoom noj khoom haus, kev hloov kho, cov khoom noj khoom haus, thiab cov khoom noj rau kev noj haus tshwj xeeb.
Pa Khoom Noj
Cov no yog cov khoom noj uas ua haujlwm tshaj plaws vim tias lawv tsis tau raug hloov los ntawm kev txhawb lossis kev txhawb ntxiv; lawv tseem nyob rau hauv lawv lub xeev ntuj. Feem ntau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub poob rau hauv pawg no vim lawv nyob hauv phytochemicals xws li lycopene thiab lutein, thiab lwm yam kev sib txuas lus.
Cov Khoom Noj Hloov Kho
Cov khoom noj uas tau muab tso ua ke, khov kho los yog kho kom zoo dua qub nrog cov khoom noj thiab lwm yam khoom xyaw. Calcium-fortified kua txiv kua txiv, folic acid muaj cij thiab margarine muaj zog nrog cog sterols yog cov khoom noj uas muaj kev hloov kho. Cov dej qab haus huv uas tau raug kho nrog tshuaj ntsuab xws li ginseng thiab guarana, nrog rau lwm yam khoom noj uas muaj teeb meem, thiab poob rau hauv pawg no.
Cov Khoom Noj Kho Mob
Lub FDA txhais cov khoom noj khoom haus ua "zaub mov uas tau tsim los noj los yog siv cov lus tso rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm ib tus kws kho mob thiab nws yog npaj rau kev tswj hwm kab mob kev noj qab haus huv los ntawm ib qho kab mob twg los ntawm kev noj zaub mov zoo txawv, raws li kev paub txog scientific principles, tsim los ntawm kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas. "
Cov khoom noj kho mob muaj xws li cov qauv tshwj xeeb uas tsim los rau cov neeg uas muaj teeb meem txog kev mob nkeeg.
Cov khoom noj no yuav tsum tau kev pab thiab kev saib xyuas ntawm ib tus kws kho mob.
Cov Khoom Noj Tshwj Xeeb Rau Kev Noj Haus Tshwj Xeeb
Cov no zoo li cov khoom noj kho mob, tab sis lawv muaj muag thiab tsis tas yuav saib xyuas ntawm ib tus kws kho mob. Cov khoom noj no yuav tsum noj cov zaub mov tshwj xeeb uas yog vim muaj kev mob nkeeg, xws li kab mob celiac, lactose intolerance, los yog rog.
Cov khoom noj tsis muaj gluten, cov khoom noj tsis muaj lactose dawb, thiab cov khoom noj uas tsim los pab rau qhov hnyav yog suav tias yog khoom noj rau kev noj haus tshwj xeeb yog tias koj muaj cov mob no. Cov khoom noj tau me nyuam kuj muaj nyob hauv pawg no.
Health Claims
FDA tso cai rau qee tus neeg mob qee yam mob nkeeg muab tso rau hauv cov ntawv cim khoom noj.
Cov ntawv thov cov ntaub ntawv, cov qauv ntaub ntawv thiab kev ua haujlwm, lossis cov ntawv thov kev pabcuam raug muab tso rau hauv cov ntawv lo. Nutrient content claims hais txog cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom noj thiab muaj xws li cov lus xws li "dawb," "tsawg," thiab "txo." Cov khoom noj tsis muaj calorie, cov khoom noj uas muaj roj tsawg, thiab cov khoom noj ntsig uas txo qis-tsuas yog pom cov hom kev thov no.
Tus qauv thiab cov neeg pab leg dej num piav qhia txog lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev pab cuam hauv koj lub cev. Ib qho yogurt daim ntawv lo, piv txwv li, tuaj yeem hais tias, "calcium ua rau cov pob txha muaj zog." Cov ntawv thov kev noj qab haus huv yuav tsum raug pom zoo los ntawm FDA. Piv txwv, cov khoom noj uas muaj cov txiv ntseej roj los yog qib yub thiab cov oatmeal tuaj yeem ua qee cov lus hais txog tias cov khoom xyaw ua rau kev noj qab haus huv.
Cov chaw
Hasler CM, Xim av AC; Academy ntawm kev noj haus thiab kev noj haus. "Txoj hauj lwm ntawm Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics: Functional Foods." J Kuv Noj Zaub Tsuag. 2009 Apr; 109 (4): 735-46. http://www.andjrnl.org/article/S2212-2672(13)00680-1/abstract.
Tebchaws Asmeskas Zaub Mov thiab Tshuaj Yeeb Tshuaj. "Cov Ntawv Thov Cov Ntawv Pov Hwm Rau Zaub Mov thiab Cov Khoom Noj Khoom Haus." http://www.fda.gov/Food/IngredientsPackagingLabeling/LabelingNutrition/ucm111447.htm.