Cov as-ham uas koj xav tau rau kev noj qab haus huv raug kaw hauv cov zaub mov koj noj kom nws yog koj lub plab ua haujlwm txoj haujlwm los teeb lawv dawb. Los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm kev zom zaub mov, cov khoom noj tau tawg cia rau hauv me quav me me ces cov khoom noj yuav raug tso tawm thiab absorbed los ntawm phab ntsa ntawm txoj hnyuv.
Nws yuav siv sij hawm ntev heev rau cov khoom noj kom poob rau ntawm nws tus kheej, yog li tshwj xeeb digestive enzymes yog tsim nyog rau kom ceev txoj kev.
Cov enzymes tsis yog tawm tsam tag nrho cov zaub mov; lawv 'awm yeej tseem tshwjxeeb. Qee cov mus tom qab cov carbohydrates , qee cov nqaij qis, thiab lwm tus ua rau cov nqaijrog tawm. Txhua enzyme muaj ib qho kev ua.
Feem ntau cov kev tso dej tawm raug tso tawm thiab ua haujlwm hauv koj cov nyhuv me, tab sis ob peb leeg tau tso tawm ntawm cov qog hauv koj lub qhov ncauj thiab lub plab.
Lub Main Digestive Enzymes
Ntawm no yog lub ntsiab enzymes digestive, qhov lawv tau ua, thiab lawv ua dab tsi:
Salivary amylase. Ua thiab tso tawm los ntawm cov qog salivary hauv koj lub qhov ncauj. Salivary amylase lov starch cia rau hauv luv luv chains ntawm qabzib molecules. Nws ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv lub qhov ncauj, tab sis thaum khoom noj khoom haus ncav koj lub plab, acidic pH deactivates nws.
Lingual lipase. Ua los ntawm qhov mob qhwv caj dab hauv koj tus nplaig thiab sab nraum qab ntawm koj lub qhov ncauj. Lingual lipase ua haujlwm hauv lub qhov ncauj thiab lub plab. Nws lov nruab nrab thiab cov yeeb yaj duab ntev triacylglycerols (cov rog) rau hauv cov khoom me me.
Pepsin. Tus thawj plab zom hauv lub plab.
Thawj lub hlwb hauv plab ua pepsinogen, uas hloov dua siab tshiab rau pepsin los ntawm cov kua qaub ntawm lub plab. Pepsin lov proteins rau hauv polypeptides thiab amino acids.
Gastric lipase. Lwm digestive enzyme los ntawm lub plab. Nws zoo li lingual lipase, tab sis nws lov luv luv thiab nruab nrab saw triacylglycerols.
Lingual thiab gastric lipase yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thaum lub caij nyoog vim lawv ua txhaum cov nqaijrog pom hauv niam niam cov kua mis.
Pancreatic amylase. Qhov no enzyme yog ua los ntawm cov txiav thiab secreted rau hauv cov hnyuv me. Pancreatic amylase lov ua rau cov hmoov txhaws nquag ua rau cov suab thaj thiab kua paug.
Pancreatic lipase . Lwm pancreatic enzyme ua thiab secreted rau hauv cov hnyuv me. Pancreatic lipase lov triacylglycerols mus ua diacylglycerols, monoacylglycerols, thiab dawb fatty acids thiab glycerol dawb.
Trypsin thiab chymotrypsin. Cov pancreatic ob lub enzymes ua txhaum cov proteins. Lawv ua kom cov proteins thiab polypeptides ua luv luv polypeptides.
Peptidases. Cov enzymes no feem ntau ua rau hauv cov hnyuv, tsuas yog rau ib qho (carboxypeptidase), uas yog los ntawm cov txiav. Cov peptidases ua hauj lwm hauv cov hnyuv me thiab tuaj tos seb qhov trypsins thiab pepsin tawm mus txo cov polypeptides rau cov neeg amino acids.
Qab zib Enzymes. Cov plaub lub enzymes no yog tsim los ntawm cov hlwb hauv cov kab hauv cov hnyuv. Txhua enzyme ua haujlwm rau lwm hom suab thaj:
- Sucrase. So lov sucrose (cov lus qab zib) rau hauv qab zib thiab fructose.
- Lactase. Qhov no yog ib qho lactose (mis nyuj qab zib) mus ua glucose thiab galactose.
- Maltase. Rhuav maltose rau hauv qabzib.
- Dextrinase. Lov cov chains ntawm qabzib rau hauv cov neeg mob hauv qab zib.
Qhov chaw:
Gropper SS, Smith JL, Groff JL. "Cov khoom noj khoom haus zoo tshaj plaws thiab cov tib neeg metabolism." Sixth Edition. Belmont, CA. Wadsworth Publishing Company, 2013.
Smolin LA, Grosvenor, MB. "Khoom noj khoom haus: Science thiab Applications." Thib Peb. Wiley Publishing Company, 2013.
Tebchaws Asmeskas Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv thiab Kev Pabcuam Tib Neeg, Cov Kabmob Uas Qhia Txog Kabmob Tebchaws Kab Digestive Information (NDDIC). "Koj Digestive System thiab Nws Ua Haujlwm." http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/Anatomy/your-digestive-system/Pages/anatomy.aspx.